Mu gihe abahoze muri FPR bahunga abari muri MRND baradamaraye

Ku batabizi cyangwa batibuka MRND bivuga « Mouvement Revolutionnaire National pour le Developpement », ku kabyiniriro bayitaga Muvoma.
Iri ni ishyaka ryari rimwe rukumbi ( Parti Etat) ryayoboye u Rwanda kuva muwa 1975 kugeza ingoma yaryo ihiritswe n’irindi ryitwa FPR ( Front Patriotique Rwandais) ari naryo riri ku butegetsi kugeza ubu. Irya mbere ryashinzwe n’uwari Umukuru w’igihugu icyo gihe Yuvenari Habyarimana naho FPR yo yashinzwe n’impunzi z’abanyarwanda zabaga muri Uganda zanashyizeho umutwe w’ingabo RPA ari nazo zaje guhirika ubutegetsi bwa MRND bwari bumaze gutsemba abatutsi.Aho ibihe bigeze aha , abahanga mu gukora igereranya babona ko nubwo ibihe ( contexte, temps) aya mashyaka yayoboyemo atari bimwe, hari ibyo yombi ahuriraho kimwe ni uko hari ibiyatandukanya. Nibyo tugarukaho muri iyi nyandiko.
Abibuka ubutegetsi bwa MRND ntibazibagirwa ko iyi muvoma yari yariswe ubwato bwagombaga kwambutsa abanyarwanda bose inyanja y’ubukene. Abanyarwanda bose rero bagombaga kuba muri ubu bwato, umusare mukuru akaba yari nyine YUVENARI HABYARIMANA President Fondateri wa MRND. Uko byagenze ariko mwese murabizi, ubu bwato bwajye guhura n’umuhengeri. Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko amahame na manifeste by’iyi muvoma byabaye amasigarakicaro. Ahubwo benshi mu bayishinze babaye abanazi, bahagarikira genocide yahitanye abarenga miliyoni mubo bari bashinzwe kureberera.
Kuri ubu rero bamwe mu bahoze muri MRND bimukiye FPR mu mvugo zabo, zinyuranye bibagiwe rya shaka bayoboka FPR moteri ya Guverinoma, bishatse kuvuga ko ariyo iri ku mukondo muri politiki iyobora iki gihugu. Dore ko n’Umuyobozi w’iri shyka ari nawe Uyobora igihugu nyuma yo gutsinda amatora. Aba bayoboke bakaba bakagombye gucungira hafi kugirango iki kinyabiziga FPR ibereye moteri kitazaba nka bwa bwato bwa Habyaramana bwahuye n’ishuheri mu nyanja nka bwa bundi bwa Titanic maze bugatikira. Ibi kandi birashoboka kuko hari igihe moteri ishobora gusaza ( bikaba ngombwa gusimburwa), ishobora kugonga( nabwo yasimburwa revision bidashobotse), ikaba inashobora gupfa ( bikaba ngombwa kuyikanika).
Aba bahanga mu kugereranya, berekana kandi ko mu gihe cya MRND hari umugabo witwaga HABIMANA Bonaventure wari warahimbwe muvoma, yari Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’iri shyaka kuva ryashingwa kugera mu myaka ya za 90. Ububasha bw’uyu mugabo bwari ku izina gusa , ngo yaba yari ahagarariye igice kimwe cy’abanyarwanda cyamwibonagamo. Ibi byajye kugaragara igihe FPR yagabaga ibitero mu Rwanda, uyu mugabo akaza kuregwa ubukotanyi agahita asimbuzwa Matayo Ngirumpatse. Icyagaragaye ni uko nabo bavugwa ko bamwibonagamo,ntacyo yabamariye ; icyari kimushishikaje kwari ukwigwizaho imitungo (amakamyo menshi yakoraga mu ruganda rwa kabuye yabaga ari aya Muvoma) ariko nabyo ntibyaje kumuhira kuko nyuma ya geocide yagarutse mu Rwanda ahita atabwa muri yombi n’inkotanyi, zamureze ubufatanyacyaha muri genocide. Ku bw’amahirwe uyu mugabo yajye kurekurwa ahita asubira mu buhungiro ; iby’umutungo yari yarigwijeho byo ntubimbaze.Iyo bamwe baba bamaze guhaga ibyiza umuryango FPR yabagejejeho usanga hari igihe barengwa bagashaka kugrerenya MRND yishe abantu na FPR yabarokoye.Bamwe bati : BAZIVAMO B buriy akora iki muri FPR babuze undi muntu wafata uriya mwanya,abandi bati yaba yarahahawe uriya mwanya yarakoze iyihe kosi muri FPR ?Abandi bati nta wamenya impamvu yahawe uriya mwanya ,uretse uwamugiriye icyizere.Ariko hari bamwe bavuga ibitajyanye n’igihe tugezemo ugasanga binjiye mu bizima bwite bw’abandi aho bagira bati :Bazivamo ngo nta shoboye afite uretse kwiyubakira amahoteri hirya hino,ndetse ngo hari n’abamusaba imyanya hirya mu ntara ntagire icyo abamarira.Ntumbaze nanone igihe azamburwa izi nshingano,icyokora umenya atari vuba aha dore ko ubu noneho yiboneye akanya muri East Africa,abatarajyana n’igihe bakirunguruka, uzongere umubone !
N’ubwo utagereranya FPR na MRND ntawabura kuvuga ku bisa n’umusanzu wagiye wakwa ku baturage.Uyu musanzu wari itegeko ku munyarwanda wese, niba nibuka neza buri muturage yakwagwa 100 Frw buri mwaka. Uyu musanzu ukaba ngo warakoreshwaga mu mirimo inyuranye y’ishyaka. MRND kandi yagenerwaga amafaranga kuri budget y’igihugu ndetse n’abakozi bayo bafatwaga nk’abakozi ba Leta. Kuri ubu nubwo umusanzu wa FPR atari itegeko, bamwe mubo twaganiriye batwemeje ko muri za ministeri mu bigo bya Leta ariko cyane cyane mu turere uyu musanzu bamwe mu bayobozi bawaka nk’itegeko. Abakozi bose ngo barayakatwa waba wararahiye mu muryango waba utararahiye ngo barayatwara. Kubera kwanga kwiteranye n’abagukuriye ( dore ko ba mayor hafi ya bose ari ba perezida ba FPR mu turere), ngo abakozi bahitamo guheba ayo mafaranga dore ko n’ubundi baba barahawe akazi ku mbabazi za ba nyakubahwa, ni ukwigura.
Icyitwaga ingoro ya muvoma yari inzu mberabyombi zabonekaga ku mirwa mikuru ya za perefegitura ndetse no mu makomini amwe namwe. Izi ngoro zubakagwa ku misanzu twavuze haruguru yakwaga abaturage. Aho muvoma isenyukiye izi ngoro zashizwe mu mutungo wa Leta, zikaba zaragizwe inzu mberabyombi z’intara cyangwa z’uturere. Gusa muri iki gihe FPR yasanze iki gikorwa cya MRND atari kibi maze isaba abanyamuryango bayo kuyubakira ingoro nk’uko ba milita na militante babikoze muri MRND. Mwumvise ko mu ntara y’amajyaruguru iyo nzu ( si ingoro) yatashywe ku mugaragaro, i burengerzuba abanyamuryango bakaba barasabwe gukusanya vuba na vuba imisanzu ngo badasigara inyuma mu kubaka iyo nzu izubakwa i Karongi
Ababaye ba Milita na ba Militante ntibazibagirwa animasiyo ishyushye yarangaga ibirori binyuranye byabaga byabaye ahantu hanyuranye. Muribuka aho abanyarwanda bari baratojwe kuvuga ngo Prezida Habyarimana, RAMBA RAMBA SUGIRA SAGAMBA TURAGUSHIGIKIYE TUZAGUTORA…… Iyi mihango yose ariko yatangizwaga n’indirimbo benshi tucyibuka « umugambi ni umwe banyarwanda ». Ni ukuri ubu rero ku ngoma ya FPR, abayoboke bayo ntibatanzwe gushaka uturirimbo tunyuranye dusingiza ishyaka ryabo ; ariko izwi cyane ni « FPR ishyaka ry’abanyarwanda yarahiriye kuva kera…….). Vuba aha kandi nk’uko twabigarutseho mu nyandiko yacu y’ubushize, mu rwego rwo gucengeza amatwara yayo, abaturage basigaye bahamagarirwa kumva ajambo rya Perezida Kagame, iyo habaye ibirori mu gihe ku bwa Habyarimana ho Radio Rwanda yacishagaho buri gihe ijambo rya Perezida nk’ubutumwa yaba yageneye abanyarwanda.
Umuganda ku bwa Muvoma byari ibikorwa rusange bikorwa n’abaturage rimwe mu cyumweru hagamijwe kunganira Leta mu bikorwa byo kubaka igihugu. Benshi barabyibuka nanone Habyaramana mu ijambo rye agaruka ku mvugo ngo U Rwanda ruzubakwa n’abana barwo. Uyu muganda ariko hari abategetsi benshi bawifashishaga maze abaturage bakabakorera ibikorwa byabo bwite nko kubaka imihanda igana iwabo no mu yindi mirimo itandukanye.
Nubwo muri propagande za FPR hamaganwaga umuganda, yemeza ko ibikorwa by’umuganda ari uburyo abaturage birirwa baha imibyizi ba Nyakubahwa, aho FPR ifatiye ubutegetsi iki gikorwa yagisamiye hejuru ndetse vuba aha kiza kugirwa itegeko maze gihabwa umunsi umwe mu kwezi. Abanenga uyu muganda wa FPR ariko bemeza ko agaciro gahabwa ibyakozwe n’uyu muganda harimo gukabya, abategetsi babikora bakaba baba bagamije kugaragagaza imihigo ya baringa badashobora kugeraho. Ikindi kivugwa n’abanenga imitegurire y’uyu muganda ni uko ikiguzi cyo kugeza abakozi ku muganda ndetse no kwiyakira mu busabane nyuma y’umuganda kiruta kure agaciro nyakuri kaba kavuye mu muganda, dore ko benshi (cyane cyane mu mugi wa kigali) baba biyonkereza umuhini.
Ibihe bitandukanye, amateka atari amwe
Ni byo koko aya mashyaka yabayeho mu bihe bitandukanye (temps) kandi afata ubutegetsi ku mpamvu zitari zimwe (contexte). Muvoma yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1975, ikaba yaragiyeho mu gihe mu bihugu byinshi byo ku isi hategekaga ishyaka rimwe rukumbi ( parti-etat) ; iri shyaka akaba ari naryo ryagenaga politiki zose z’igihugu. Uwayoboraga iri shyaka kandi niwe wabaga umukandida umwe rukumbi mu matora y’uwagombaga kuba umukuru w’igihugu. Niko byagendaga rero Perezida Fondateri niwe wagombaga kuba umukandida rukumbi ku mwanya wa perezida w’ U Rwanda. Ibi bikaba byarabaye mu myaka ya 78, na 84 aho Habyarimana yatsindaga n’amajwi arenga 98% ( bamaze gutekinika nyine kuko nka Gikongoro yigeze gutora munsi ya 50%).
FPR yo nk’uko twabivuze haruguru yagiyeho ku ruhembe rw’umuheto imaze guhagarika genocide yakorewe abatutsi. Ni nyuma kandi y’inkubiri ya demokarasi yari yadutse muri Afurika hose. Gusa kubera uko iri shyaka ryafashe ubutegetsi( nyuma yo guhagarika genocide), iri shyaka ryabaye nk’iryiharira ubutegetsi, ibyo gufungura urubuga rwa politiki bigenda biguru ntege, nanubu kandi benshi bakaba bemeza ko uru rubuga rugifunze.
Mu gihe cya Muvoma nk’uko twabibwabwiye, umutungo wayo urebye ntaho watandukaniraga n’uwa Leta. Imitungo izwi yari iya Muvoma ku giti cyayo ni iriya Ngoro ya Premier Ministre nayo yajye kwegurirwa Leta hatangiye muyaga y’amashyaka menshi. Indi nzu yari iya Muvoma ni inzu yagombaga gukorerwamo n’ishuri ngo ryagombaga kwigisha ibya muvoma, ni hariya Ministeri y’ubutabera ikorera. Benshi mu bayobozi biri shyaka kandi ibyo gukora business ngo ntabyo bari biyiziye. Uwapfaga kugerageza ngo ni Nsekalije wahimbwe Macinya wigeze ngo gukoresha umunsi mukuru ataha miliyari ngo yari agejeje kuri konti.
Hari bamwe bajya bihandagaza bakavuga ngo impamvu ibintu byazamuye igiciro hari bimwe mu bkomerezwa byikorera bizinesi.

Ku bwa FPR iterambere rikataje

Ikindi kinyuranyo kigaragarira buri wese ni iterambere ritangaje ryabonetse ku butegetsi bwa FPR. Ibi bikaba bigaragazwa kandi n’ama raporo anyuranye atangwa n’imiryango inyuranye ikorera mu rwego mpuzamahanga. Haba mu buhinzi, mu miturire, mu itwara ry’abantu n’ibintu, ubucuruzi,impinduka zigaragarira buri wese. Nko ku bwa MRND , inyubako nziza zari mu mugi wa Kigali yari BNR , Ikibuga cy’indege nizi za Milles collines. Kuri ubu izi nzu zabaye nyakatsi ugereranyije n’izindi nyubako mwese muzi zigaragara mu mugi wa Kigali. Gusa iyo ibi ubyeretse bamwe mubari abambari ba MRND bakubwira ko nabo iyo baba bakiri k’ubutegetsi iri terambere baba bararigezeho, dore ko banabanje no guhangana n’ikibazo cy’intambara yangije byinshi. Ku ngoma yabo kandi ngo ubuzima ntibwari buhenze nk’iki gihe aho usanga ubukungu bwarikubiwe n’abantu bake ; naho ngo mu gihe cya MRND nta busumbane bukabije bwari buhari dore ko abakozi bose bahembwaga hakurikijwe impamyabumenyi zabo ndetse abo mu nzego zo hasi nka mwarimu akaba yarahembwaga kimwe n’abandi bakozi bo mu nzego nkuru za leta. Naho iby’iterambere ryajye nka telephone zigendanwa, internet n’ibindi ngo ntabwo byari igihe cyabyo kuko n’abanyaburayi ngo bibagezeho ejo bundi.
Ikintu cy’ingenzi Umuryango wa FPR ushimirwa na buri wese ni uko utaheje bamwe mu bahoze muri MRND ukabaha imyanya muri leta bakaba bavuga rikiijyana.
Twasoza tubwira abasomyi bacu ko bimwe mu byo twahereyeho twandika inkuru yacu ari ibitekerezo twakuye mu baturage b’ingeri zitandukanye. Ubusanzwe ntawe ugereranya leta iriho n’iyayibanjirije kuko iriho iba ifite icyo irusha iya mbere.

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